Johannes Maccovius, Theological Distinctions XXII.
James Dodson
Chapter XXII
Of Condemnation
I. Condemnation is an aggregate being, not a simple one.
For it consists of the punishment of loss and of sense.
II. The punishment of sense is also an aggregate being.
[p. 156]
For it consists of the bite of conscience, and of anguish and horrors, which the Holy Ghost explains by the gnashing of teeth; from the trouble which they will perceive both from the place and from society with devils and other reprobates, as also from the cries of the reprobates.
III. The fire which is said to be in hell will not be material, but is so called figuratively.
Because it acts upon devils; but corporeal fire cannot accomplish this.
IV. In hell there will not be despair.
Because there are no promises. Despair is opposed to the privation of a promise. Therefore, where there will be no promises, there will also not be the opposite—despair.
V. In hell men will sin.
For they will blaspheme God.
VI. Hell will be in a certain place.
Therefore it is not among the heavenly spheres. We assert the more probable opinion, that it will be in the lower regions, because while judgment is being conducted, the reprobate will remain on the earth. But this matters little. Our labor must be directed to ordering our life, lest at length we be cast headlong there.